DATABASE

What is a database?

nA database is any collection of information that has something in common.  It does not matter whether or not this information is stored on a computer.

ne.g. a telephone book, a set of top trumps cards

The DBMS acts as an interface between what two components of an enterprise-class database system?

A. Database application and the database B. Data and the database C. The user and the database application D. Database application and SQL

HOW TO DRAW A LIP

 HOW TO DRAW A LIP :

1

Draw three overlapping circles in an imaginary triangular area.

2

Create an open pea shape-like area touching the edges of the upper and the bottom circles.

3

Make a couple of wavy lines within the pea-shape –the bigger one in the centre of the area and the smaller one in the upper area of the pea.

4

Join the edges of the centre wavy line to the tapered corners of the pea-shape.

5

Erase the circle-guides.

DATA HANDLING

 KEY WORDS :

Data :  Raw facts and figures entered into a computer .

Database : A series of tables\ lists stored in a computer that can be accessed in variety  of ways.

 Hypothesis : A statement that can be proved or disproved (i.e proved right or wrong )

Data from questionnaires will be entered  into a specially created database structure. This database structure will make use of validation  checks to eliminate as many errors as possible .

Questionnaire : A document containing questions , which is filled in to supply information .

  

THE SPANISH ARMADA

The Spanish Armada sailed from Spain in July 1588. The Spanish Armada's task was to overthrow protestant England lead by Queen Elizabeth I. The Spanish Armada proved to be an expensive disaster for the Spanish  but for the English it was a celebrated victory making Sir Francis Drake even more of a hero than he already was and even having an impact on Tudor Christmas celebrations!

Why did Spain want to overthrow Elizabeth? There were a number of reasons.

At the time of Elizabeth, Spain controlled what was called the Spanish Netherlands. This consisted of modern day Holland and Belgium.  In particular, Holland wanted its independence. They did not like being made to be Catholic; in fact, Protestant ideas had taken root in Holland and many of those in Holland were secret Protestants. If they had publicly stated their Protestant beliefs, their lives would have been in danger. Spain used a religious secret police called the Inquisition to hunt out Protestants. However, during Elizabeth's reign, the English had been helping the Dutch Protestants in Holland. This greatly angered the king of Spain - Philip II - who wanted to stop this. He had for a short time been married to Elizabeth's half-sister, Mary, and when they were married, England was Catholic. With England under his control, Philip could control the English Channel and his ships could have an easy passage from Spain to the Spanish Netherlands. Spanish troops stationed there could be easily supplied.
also English 'sea-dogs' had been causing a great deal of damage to Spain's trade in silver. Men such as Sir Francis Drake attacked Spanish shipping off of the West Indies and Spain lost a vast sum of money when the ships carrying silver sunk or had their cargo captured by Drake. To the English, Drake was a hero but to the Spanish he was nothing more than a pirate who, in their view, was allowed to do what he did with the full knowledge of the queen. This the Spanish could not accept.
In 1587, Mary, Queen of Scots, was executed in England on the orders of Elizabeth. Mary, Queen of Scots, was a Catholic and Philip II believed that he had a duty to ensure no more Catholics were arrested in England and that no more should be executed. Mary, Queen of Scots, had also made it clear that if she became queen of England, Philip should inherit the throne after her death.

Hence his decision to attack and invade England.\

QUIZ 

1.In the late 1500s, who was the ruler of Spain?

Elizabeth I

Philip II

Rudolph

2.

When did the Spanish navy defeat the Ottoman Empire?

1569

1571

1580

3.

Which English queen did Philip II marry?

Mary I

Elizabeth

Mary, Queen of Scots

4.

Who was Queen of England in 1588?

Mary I

Elizabeth

Mary, Queen of Scots

5.

What convinced Philip that he had to invade England?

English privateers robbing Spanish ships.

Elizabeth helped the Dutch in their rebellion.

Elizabeth had Mary, Queen of Scots executed.

6.

What is the name given to Philip's fleet of ships?

Royal Navy

Armada

Sea Beggars

7.

Who was in charge of the Armada when it sailed?

Duke of Parma

Duke of Santa Cruz

Duke of Medina Sidonia

8.

As the Armada sailed up the Channel, what formation did it take to make it difficult to attack?

Line

Crescent

Blocks

9.

How did the English get the Spanish ships to break their defensive formation?

They cut their anchors.

They sent in fireships.

They fired broadsides.

10.

What did the Spanish fleet do next?

They sailed back down the Channel.

They sailed north.

They invaded England.

FARMING IN EUROPE

Farming is example of a primary industry. Farmers plough the land to grow cereals , such  as wheat and barley , and vegetables . They rear animals for meat and milk. Farmers also have to preserve the countryside for us all to enjoy . There are many different types of farming in Europe.

AVIARIES FARM :

Aviaries Farm is over 400 hectares in size (one hectare is about twice the size of a football field )
Aviaries Farm is a large farm located near the town of Wincanton in Somerest . It is an organic farm. Unlike most farms in the UK , organic farms do not use chemicals to fertilize the soil or to kill pests. They also avoid using medicines and hormones on their livestock. (Non-Organic farms will use all these things to increase their yields and cut their costs.)

                                                                               QUIZ 

Q1) What is farming ?
Q2) What is an organic farm?
Q3) Write a note on Aviaries farm .
Q4) What is mixed farming ?

MEASURES

Length –

•  1 km = 1000 m
•  1 m = 100 cm
•  1 cm = 10 mm
•  1 inch = 2.5 cm
•  1 foot = 30 cm
•  1 mile = 1.60 km
•  5 miles = 8 km

   Capacity –

•  1 pint = 570 ml
•  1 gallon = 4.5 litres
•  1 3/4 pints = 1 litres
•  1 litre= 1000 ml
•  1 cl = 10 ml

  Mass –

•  1 pound= 450 grams
•  2.2 pounds = 1 kg
• 1 kg = 1000 grams
• 1 tonne = 1000 kg
• 1 gram= 1000 mg

Questions:

9 pints =          litres

2 gallon =             litres

5 miles =               metres

ARE ALL ALKALI DANGEROUS ?

The word "alkali" is  meaning the calcined ashes (see calcinations), referring to the original source of alkaline substances. A water-extract of burned plant ashes, called potash and composed mostly of potassium carbonate, was mildly basic. After heating this substance with calcium hydroxide (slaked lime), a far more strongly basic substance known as caustic potash (potassium hydroxide) was produced. Caustic potash was traditionally used in conjunction with animal fats to produce soft soaps, one of the caustic processes that rendered soaps from fats in the process of saponification, one known since antiquity. Plant potash lent the name to the element potassium, which was first derived from caustic potash, and also gave potassium its chemical symbol K (from the German name Kalium), which ultimately derived from alkali.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali

                QUIZ !!!!!
1- What does alkali mean ?
2- Why is alkali dangerous ?
3- What are they used for ?

SHERLOCK HOLMES ( DETECTIVE AND MYSTERY STORIES )

Sherlock Holmes is a fictional character created by Scottish author and physician Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, a graduate of the University of Edinburgh Medical School. A London-based "consulting detective" whose abilities border on the fantastic, Holmes is known for his astute logical reasoning, his ability to adopt almost any disguise and his use of forensic science to solve difficult cases.

Holmes, who first appeared in print in 1887, was featured in four novels and 56 short stories. The first novel, A Study in Scarlet, appeared in Beeton's Christmas Annual in 1887 and the second, The Sign of the Four, in Lippincott's Monthly Magazine in 1890. The character's popularity grew with the first series of short stories in The Strand Magazine, beginning with "A Scandal in Bohemia" in 1891; additional short-story series and two novels (published in serial form) appeared from then to 1927. The events in the stories take place from about 1880 to 1914

THE WOMEN ON PLATFORM NO : 8

This story is based on a child(Arun) who lives in Ambala city and travels everyday to his school by train that stands on platform number 8 in Ambala city.he use to travel alone because his parents declared him to old to travel alone. the moral or lesson of the story is that you shouldn't rely on each and every stranger because some are good and some are bad you cant judge them by their face.

story written by Ruskin Bond.

KING BRUCE AND THE SPIDER

King Robert Bruce of Scotland. He was defeated by Edward , the king of England. Robert Bruce ran away from the battle field and took refuge in a cave. He was very sorry over his defeat. He wanted to win freedom for his country. He had fought for several times but was defeated. He thought over the matter and decided to give up the struggle. Just at the moment a spider fell down from the roof of the cave. King began to watch the movement of the spider. The spider tried again and again but could not succeed every time it fell down. This happened nine times. The king was sure that spider would try it no more. It was its tenth attempt. This time the spider succeeded and reached its home. The King Bruce learnt a lesson from the spider. He thought if a spider could succeed why could not he. He collected his army, defeated the England and got freedom for his country.

About the poet:
Eliza Cook was the youngest of the eleven children of a brasier living in London Road, Southwark. When she was about nine years old her father retired from business, and the family went to live at a small farm in St. Leonard's Forest, near Horsham. Her mother encouraged Eliza's fondness for imaginative literature, but the child was almost entirely self-educated. She began to write verses before she was fifteen ; indeed, some of her most popular poems, such as 'I'm afloat' and the 'Star of Glengarry,' were composed in her girlhood.

NEWTONMETER

The newton metre is a unit of torque (also called "moment") in the SI system. The symbolic form is N m or N·m. One newton metre, sometimes hyphenated newton-metre, is equal to the torque resulting from a force of one newton applied perpendicularly to a moment arm which is one metre long.

Algebra

Algebra has been a new topic we learned this year, and it turned out to be pretty understandable.

To practice algebra, go visit these links!
IXL.com
CoolMath.com

Algebra the part of mathematics in which letters and others general symbols are used to represent numbers and quantities in formulas and equations, found by François Viète.